Terms used in the conventional Inventory system and as referred in Oracle Inventory may be different. A brief explanation of the ‘Oracle Inventory’ term’s vis-à-vis the existing terminology is provided the following paragraphs. These terms are extensively used in documenting the ‘Inventory - To Be’ flows and it is recommended that the various users of this system get acquainted with the same.
Item Validation Organization: The organization that contains your master list of items. You define it by setting the OE: Item Validation Organization profile option.
Logical organization: A business unit that tracks items for accounting purposes but does not physically exist.
Organization: A business unit such as a plant, warehouse, division, department, and so on. Order Management refers to organizations as warehouses on all Order Management windows and reports.
Destination organization: An inventory organization that receives item shipments from a given Organization.
Workday calendar: A calendar that identifies available workdays for one or more organizations. Master Scheduling/MRP, Inventory, Work in Process, and Capacity plan and schedule activities based on a calendar’s available workdays.
Workday exception set: An entity that defines mutually exclusive sets of workday exceptions. For each organization, you can specify a workday calendar and exception set.
Primary unit of measure: The stocking unit of measure for an item in a particular organization.
Unit of measure: The unit that the quantity of an item is expressed.
Unit of measure class: A group of units of measure and their corresponding base unit of measure. The standard unit classes are Length, Weight, Volume, Area, Time, and Pack.
Unit of measure conversions: Numerical factors that enable you to perform transactions in units other than the primary unit of the item being transacted.
Category: Code used to group items with similar characteristics, such as plastics, metals, or glass items.
Category set A feature in Inventory where users may define their own group of categories. Typical category sets include purchasing, materials, costing, and planning.
Purchased item: An item that you buy and receive. If an item is also an inventory item, you may also be able to stock it.
Standard item: Any item that can have a bill or be a component on a bill except planning items, option classes, or models. Standard items include purchased items, subassemblies, and finished products.
Substitute item: An item that can be used in place of a component. Master Scheduling/MRP suggests substitutes items on some reports.
Inventory item: Items you stock in inventory. You control inventory for inventory items by quantity and value. Typically, the inventory item remains an asset until you consume it. You recognize the cost of an inventory item as an expense when you consume it or sell it. You generally value the inventory for an item by multiplying the item standard cost by the quantity on hand.
Item attribute control level: To maintain item attributes at the item master attribute level or the Organization specific level by defining item attribute control consistent with your company policies. For example, if your company determines serial number control at headquarters regardless of where items are used, you define and maintain serial number attribute control at the item master level. If each organization maintains serial number control locally, they maintain those attributes at the organization specific level.
Item attributes: Specific characteristics of an item, such as order cost, item status, revision control, COGS account, etc.
Item master level attribute: An item attribute you control at the item master level as opposed to controlling at the organization level.
Item status: Code used to control the transaction activity of an item.
Deletion constraint: A business rule that restricts the entities you can delete. A deletion constraint is a test that must succeed before an item, bill, or routing can be deleted.
Current on–hand quantity: Total quantity of the item on–hand before a transaction is processed.
On–hand quantity: The physical quantity of an item existing in inventory.
Subinventory: Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom or receiving dock.
Locator: Physical area within a subinventory where you store material, such as a row, aisle, bin, or shelf.
Locator control: An Oracle manufacturing technique for enforcing use of locators during a material transaction.
Revision A particular version of an item, bill of material, or routing.
Revision control: An inventory control option that tracks inventory by item revision and forces you to specify a revision for each material transaction.
Serial number: A number assigned to each unit of an item and used to track the item.
Serial numbers control: A manufacturing technique for enforcing use of serial numbers during a material transaction.
Min–max planning: An inventory planning method used to determine when and how much to order based on a fixed user–entered minimum and maximum inventory levels.
Reorder point planning: An inventory planning method used to determine when and how much to order based on customer service level, safety stock, carrying cost, order setup cost, lead time and average demand.
Safety stock: Quantity of stock planned to have in inventory to protect against fluctuations in demand and/or supply.
ABC classification: A method of classifying items in decreasing order of importance, such as annual dollar volume or your company’s transaction history.
Cycle counting: An inventory accuracy analysis technique where inventory is counted on a cyclic schedule rather than once a year.
Physicals inventory: A periodic reconciliation of item counts with system on–hand quantities.
Account alias: An easily recognized name or label representing an account charged on miscellaneous transactions. You may view, report, and reserve against an account alias.
Inter–organization transfer: Transfer of items from one inventory organization to another You can have freight charges and transfer credits associated with inter–organization transfer. You can choose to ship items directly or have them go through intransit inventory.
Material transaction: Transfer between, issue from, receipt to, or adjustment to an inventory organization, subinventory, or locator. Receipt of completed assemblies into inventory from a job or repetitive schedule. Issue of component items from inventory to work in process.
Transaction cost: The cost per unit at which the transaction quantity is valued.
Transaction interface: An open interface table through which you can import transactions.
Transaction manager: A concurrent program that controls your manufacturing transactions.
Receipt: A shipment from one supplier that can include many items ordered on many purchase orders.
Return to supplier: A transaction that allows you to return to the supplier items from a fully or partially received purchase order and receive credit for them.
Supplier: Provider of goods or services.
Accounting period: The fiscal period a company uses to report financial results, such as a calendar month or fiscal period.
Average costing: A costing method which can be used to cost transactions in both inventory only and manufacturing (inventory and work in process) environments. As you perform transactions, the system uses the transaction price or cost and automatically recalculates the average unit cost of your items.